Creating a ColorFillToy in Silverlight - Part 2

Click here to view a demo of the application after part 2 of the tutorial/
Click here to download the source

In part 1 of this tutorial we focused on the creation of the XAML for the ColorFillToy application. In this part, we will create the code to set the cursor and to detect the FillArea that we need to fill.

Terence Tsang from shinedraw.com did the preparation for us, so we're going to reuse some of his code from his flash-vs-silverlight post on the ColorFillToy.

I'm also going to use the ColorPicker from the SilverlightContrib project. So we'll need a reference in our project for that.
As a little extra I'm going to create a ColorPickerButton control which triggers the ColorPicker and shows the selected color. Page Brooks was pretty excited about this and we're probably going to include it in the SilverlightContrib project as an addition to the ColorPicker control. I'll get around to this in the next and final part of this serie.

Finalizing the XAML

First of all we're going to finish up our XAML in Expression Blend by creating a ColorPickerButtonControl and creating an image which we'll use as our cursor. There is no bucket cursor available in Silverlight so we'll have to create one ourselves.

Using Expression Blend we can create a button looking a lot like the one Terence used in his Flash example.

First create the button on the LayoutRoot of the ColorFillToy. It's just a bunch of rectangles and paths making it look like this:


The most important thing of this control is the Rectangle (second object in our Canvas) named ButtonBackground. ButtonBackground is used to "fill" the button with the currently selected color of the ColorPicker.

Once we're pleased with the looks of the ColorPickerButtonControl we can right-click the container Canvas and select "Make Control...".
Now Blend will do most of the work for us. Create the control, create the reference and and instance of the control where we had our container Canvas.

The new Control will open in a new window in Blend. Close it and return to the Page.xaml.

Now lets not forget to add an image to the LayoutRoot canvas of 16x16 and select the paintbucket image. I placed the image right outside of the canvas so it won't be visible if the application loads.



This rounds up the design part.
Right-click the Page.xaml in Expression Blend and select "Edit in Visual Studio" to continue in VS2008.
Like I said earlier, we're going to use most of the code Terence created for us. You can download his code here: http://www.shinedraw.com/?dl_id=113

Making it work

Most of the important stuff is done in the RootVisual_MouseLeftButtonDown handler:

void RootVisual_MouseLeftButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{
    // generate random color
    Random r = new Random();
    byte red = (byte)(255 * r.NextDouble());
    byte green = (byte)(255 * r.NextDouble());
    byte blue = (byte)(255 * r.NextDouble());
    Color color = Color.FromArgb(255, red, green, blue); 

    // get the ui
    Border border = sender as Border;
    Canvas canvas = (Canvas)border.Child;

    // create ellipse
    Ellipse ellipse = new Ellipse() { Fill = new SolidColorBrush(color), Width = DEFAULT_SIZE, Height = DEFAULT_SIZE };
    ellipse.SetValue(Canvas.LeftProperty, e.GetPosition(canvas).X);
    ellipse.SetValue(Canvas.TopProperty, e.GetPosition(canvas).Y);

    // add to stage
    canvas.Children.Add(ellipse);
    ScaleTransform scale = new ScaleTransform() { CenterX = DEFAULT_SIZE / 2, CenterY = DEFAULT_SIZE / 2 };
    ellipse.RenderTransform = scale;

    // expand the ellipse
    DoubleAnimation doubleAnimatoin1 = new DoubleAnimation() { From = 1, To = SCALE_MAX };
    doubleAnimatoin1.Duration = new Duration(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 3));
    Storyboard.SetTarget(doubleAnimatoin1, scale);
    Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(doubleAnimatoin1, new PropertyPath("(ScaleX)"));

    DoubleAnimation doubleAnimatoin2 = new DoubleAnimation() { From = 1, To = SCALE_MAX };
    doubleAnimatoin2.Duration = new Duration(new TimeSpan(0, 0, 3));
    Storyboard.SetTarget(doubleAnimatoin2, scale);
    Storyboard.SetTargetProperty(doubleAnimatoin2, new PropertyPath("(ScaleY)"));

    // start the story board
    Storyboard storyboard = new Storyboard();
    storyboard.Children.Add(doubleAnimatoin1);
    storyboard.Children.Add(doubleAnimatoin2);
    storyboard.Begin();  
}

All that is actually done in this code is the following:
- Generate a random color
- Get the border object that is clicked on
- Create an Ellipse and add it to the Canvas located inside the Border
- Use a Storyboard to expand the Ellipse

So most of this stuff is reusable. We're going to make the following changes to this code to make it work in our application:
- Instead of Border objects we're going to use a method to find the fillarea that was clicked on.
- The cursor paintbucket needs to be added when hovering over ColorFillToy.
- We need to finish up our ColorPickerButtonControl to expand the ColorPickerControl when it's clicked and set the background of the button to the selected color. This selectedcolor is used to fill the Ellipse instead of the randomized color

Finding the FillArea

To locate the parent FillArea, we have are going to use the MouseLeftButtonDown event of the FillArea Canvas or of the objects on the FillArea Canvas.
We can use a recursive method to go through the collection of user controls from top to bottom. The first FillArea we encounter will be the parent FillArea of the clicked object.
I created an extension method for the FrameWorkElement controls:

public static Panel FindFillArea(this FrameworkElement originalSource)
{
 if (originalSource == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("originalSource");
 if (originalSource.Name.IndexOf("fillarea") == 0 || originalSource == Application.Current.RootVisual)
  return (Panel)originalSource;

 FrameworkElement parent = (FrameworkElement)originalSource.Parent;
 if (parent != null)
 {
  if (parent.Name.IndexOf("fillarea") == 0 || parent == Application.Current.RootVisual)
  {
   return (Panel)parent;
  }
  return FindFillArea(parent);
 }

 return (Panel)Application.Current.RootVisual;
}

We can use this extensionmethod in the MouseLeftButtonDownHandler.
Instead of the line:

Canvas canvas = (Canvas)border.Child;

We can use:

Panel panel = originalSource.FindFillArea();

Adding the paintbucket cursor

The add the paintbucket cursor add the following lines to the Loaded event of the control:

LayoutRoot.MouseMove += ColorFillToy_MouseMove;
cursor.IsHitTestVisible = false;
cursor.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;

And add the following MouseMove handler:

private void ColorFillToy_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
{
 cursor.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
 this.Cursor = Cursors.None;
 Canvas.SetLeft(cursor, e.GetPosition(null).X - 10);
 Canvas.SetTop(cursor, e.GetPosition(null).Y - 10);
}

By doing this the image will replace the normal cursor and it will appear to be a real cursor.

In this part we finished up the XAML, created an extension method to find the fillarea we need and filled the area with a random color.
In the next and final part we'll add the ColorPickerButton and the ColorPicker of the SilverlightContrib project and make sure we can pick any color we like.

Click here to view a demo of the application after part 2 of the tutorial/

Click here to download the source

Cheers!

Rob.

Creating a ColorFillToy in Silverlight - Part 1

Hi,

It's been a while since my last blogpost. It's been a bit of a hectic period lately.

But not blogging doesn't mean not doing anything :) I've been working on some stuff which I'll blog about in the coming period. Like a deepzoom application for my aunt which enables her to show the bronze sculpture work she does in detail.

But for now, I want to tell you something about the ColorFillToy I (re)created. Thanks Terence for the challenge :) (http://www.shinedraw.com/animation-effect/flash-vs-silverlight-colour-fill-toy/).

Terence of Shinedraw.com created a colorfilltoy in Flash and mentioned he didn't have enough knowledge on Expression Design to create a similar application in Silverlight.
I can say the same, I haven't worked with Design much, but I tried to recreate the application using Blend.

To achieve the shape I wanted, I created three circles. One large one and 2 smaller ones which I placed inside the larger one:


Now we need to remove the left half of the top circle and the right half of the bottom one. This is only possible if we convert the ellipse to a path object. You can achieve this by right clicking the object, choose the Path section and the Convert to Path option or by selecting the circles and choose the same option from the Object menu:


Now, by using the Direct selection tool (Shortcut key A in Blend) you can select parts of the ellipse which is now a path:


As said before, now delete the left part of the top circle and the right part of the bottom circle (or vice versa).
The shape you're getting now is exactly what you want.

Now, to create the fill ability I used wanted to use a clipping path so I need both of the shapes separately (the 2 halves of the yin-yang sign).

Next I converted the large circle to a path as well and copied it, and all of the other path's I created so far. We need to create 2 separate shapes, so the large circles need to be split up in 2 half circles. One left and one right side. You know the drill!

Visually there are no differences by making these changes, but you'll see next how these are really necessary to create the effect we need.
To glue the 3 shapes together (1 large half circle, and 2 smaller ones) we can use a compound path. Select the three paths, right-click and select Path, Make Compound Path:


Do the same with the other 3 shapes and we have our 2 halves of the yin-yang sign.
To make the filling effect possible we need to do 2 things:
1. Create a Canvas for the fill to be dropped on, make sure the Canvas has a fill, with the Alpha value of the fill set to 0% (not the opacity, but the alpha of the fill!)
2. Create a clipping path on the canvas to clip the ellipse if it gets any larger then the shape we had in mind.

To add the shape to a Canvas can easily be accomplished by right clicking the shape and selecting Group into, Canvas. Now a Canvas is created while the shape keeps its position and shape.
Creating a clipping path for this complex shape was a bit more difficult to achieve. At least the first time I tried :).

First, create a copy of the shape (the combined path). Now set the StrokeThickess to 0 in the Appearance section of the shape's Properties.
Next, by using the Direct selection tool make sure the shape surrounds the original shape:


Finally the path is ready to be used as a clipping path. Right-click the path and select Path, Make Clipping Path. In the pop-up that appears select the correct Canvas (Yin or Yang):


Note: When you notice a thin white line in the border you can adjust the path using the Direct selection tool. I cannot seem to get it aligned 100% accurately, even at 6400% zoom:


After creating these complex shapes, it's a piece of cake to create the small circles and the rectangle fill areas.
The end result should look something like this:


When creating these fillareas make sure they are prefixed with "fillarea". We are going to use this later on.

In the next part of this tutorial we'll do the coding. We can reuse a lot of the code Terence already created for us in his simple Silverlight version.


Hope this helps!

MVP: Expression

This morning when I read my e-mail I noticed I had a message in my junk e-mail.
When I opened it, it said:

Dear Rob Houweling,

Congratulations! We are pleased to present you with the 2009 Microsoft® MVP Award! This award is given to exceptional technical community leaders who actively share their high quality, real world expertise with others.

As you can imagine I am very proud of this and hope to prove that I'm worthy :)